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NAACP in Kentucky is very active with branches all over the state, largest being in Louisville and Lexington. The Kentucky State Conference of NAACP continues today to fight against injustices and for the equality of all people. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded in 1909 as a civil rights organization for African-Americans during some of the most violent times of segregation in the United States. With locations across the United States, it grew to ensure the rights for all people within the country no matter race or ethnicity: "to fight for social justice for all Americans.".〔"Our Mission." National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Accessed 16 Nov. 2010. (http://www.naacp.org/pages/our-mission ).〕 Branches are set up in different states and work together for the common goal of equality. There are also different branches within the states. In Kentucky, there are over 55 branches located throughout the entire state.〔http://www.kynaacp.org/localunit.html〕 ==History of the NAACP in Kentucky== Kentuckians played a large role in the NAACP. William English Walling from Louisville, Kentucky (1877–1936), an American labor reformer and socialist educated at the University of Chicago, the Hull House and Harvard Law School, brought his interest in women's rights to his work with the American Federation of Labor and founded the National Women's Trade Union League. A few years later, the Springfield Race Riot of 1908 in Illinois informed his work with Mary White Ovington and Henry Moskowitz to form the NAACP. The Kentucky branch of the NAACP gained national recognition as early as 1940 in Louisville, Kentucky. The NAACP had already supported several court cases to protest the unequal pay of African Americans teachers. Vallateen Virginia Dudley Abbington (1907–2003), one of several school teachers in Louisville who petitioned against the differential in pay, became a plaintiff in a NAACP suit argued by Thurgood Marshall that led to the removal of a 15 percent salary discrepancy between black and white teachers in the Louisville public schools. The case, Abbington v Board of Education of Louisville (KY), filed on December 5, 1940, caused the School board to agreed to equal pay, but only if Mrs. Abbington from Jackson Junior High School dropped the lawsuit.〔http://www.uky.edu/Libraries/NKAA/record.php?note_id=1790〕 The lawsuit was dropped and the salaries of teachers in Louisville no longer differed on the basis of race.〔For more see Papers of the NAACP, Part 3, The Campaign for Educational Equality: Legal Department and Central Office Records, 1913-1950 / Series B, 1940-1950 / Reel 8; see "Kentucky Cases" in The Negro Handbook 1946-1947, edited by F. Murray; "Alumna, 96, remembered as strong-willed activist," Exemplar (Eastern Michigan University), Winter 2004, Special Annual Report Issue; and "Vallateen Abbington, social worker, civic leader," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 10/19/2003, Metro section, p. D15. See also Hardin, John A. (Fifty Years of Segregation: Black Higher Education in Kentucky, 1904-1954 ). Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1997. Print.〕 The Kentucky branch of the NAACP also fought against other discrimination through the civil rights movement and beyond. In the case of Eilers ''v.'' Eilers, attorney James Crumlin, Sr. of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, helped Anna sue for custody of her five children from her ex-husband, George Eilers of Jefferson County, Kentucky.〔http://books.google.com/books?id=kLgDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA15&dq=%22anna+frances+anderson%22&ei=tZJ3Sd3vBIPKkQSXx8W8Bg#v=onepage&q=%22anna%20frances%20anderson%22&f=false〕〔http://www.uky.edu/Libraries/NKAA/record.php?note_id=8〕 In 1964 Eilers had successfully sued his former wife (a white woman from New Haven, Kentucky) after she married Marshall C. Anderson, an African American man, gaining custody of their children since interracial marriage was illegal in Kentucky at the time.〔Anna Frances Eilers (now Anna Anderson), Appellant, ''v.'' George F. Eilers, Appellee, Court of Appeals of Kentucky, 412 S.W.2d 871: 1967 Ky, March 17, 1967. See the "Eilers v. Eilers" entry in the (Notable Kentucky African Americans ) Database, University of Kentucky Libraries, Lexington, Kentucky.〕 Another important leadership role of the NAACP in Kentucky was in the 1970s when the NAACP of Louisville and the Kentucky Civil Liberties Union worked together to fight segregation in the Jefferson County Public Schools.〔See more on this in Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education and John E. Kleber's (The Encyclopedia of Louisville ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「NAACP in Kentucky」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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